Utility-level solar billing research

Solar Net Metering & Export Rules by Utility

Compare how selected major U.S. utilities describe residential solar exports, net metering, net billing and other compensation structures. Open each utility profile for current source links and homeowner notes.

Verified utility profiles

22

Each profile links to current utility source material.

States represented

15

AZ, CA, CO, FL, GA, IL, MA, MI, NJ, NV, NY, PA, TX, VA, WA

Latest verification

2026-08-28

Rules can change, so source dates matter.

Comparison level

Utility

More precise than assuming one statewide export rule.

2026 residential solar export-rule comparison

This table summarizes the utility's homeowner-facing compensation model in plain language. It is not the controlling tariff and it does not imply that every customer of the utility is on the same legacy, grandfathered or new-customer program.

UtilityStateService areaSolar compensation modelVerified
APS
Arizona Public Service
ArizonaMuch of Arizona outside the Salt River Project territoryNet billing / export purchase riders2026-08-27
SRP
Salt River Project
ArizonaPhoenix metropolitan area and surrounding central Arizona communitiesMultiple solar price plans, including net-metering and export-rate designs2026-08-27
PG&E
Pacific Gas and Electric Company
CaliforniaNorthern and Central CaliforniaSolar Billing Plan / Net Billing Tariff for new residential solar2026-08-27
SCE
Southern California Edison
CaliforniaSouthern and Central California service territorySolar Billing Plan for new residential solar2026-08-27
SDG&E
San Diego Gas & Electric
CaliforniaSan Diego County and parts of southern Orange County, CaliforniaSolar Billing Plan with time-varying export credits2026-08-27
Xcel Energy Colorado
Public Service Company of Colorado (Xcel Energy)
ColoradoXcel Energy electric service territory in ColoradoNet metering with solar-bank treatment for excess generation2026-08-27
FPL
Florida Power & Light Company
FloridaMuch of peninsular FloridaNet metering2026-08-27
Georgia Power
Georgia Power Company
GeorgiaGeorgia Power service territory across much of GeorgiaRNR Instantaneous Netting / avoided-cost credit for excess generation2026-08-27
Ameren Illinois
Ameren Illinois Company
IllinoisAmeren Illinois electric delivery territory in central and southern IllinoisNet metering with post-2024 supply-credit rules for new customers2026-08-27
Eversource Massachusetts
NSTAR Electric Company d/b/a Eversource Energy
MassachusettsEversource electric service territories in Eastern and Western MassachusettsMassachusetts net metering for eligible distributed generation2026-08-28
National Grid Massachusetts
Massachusetts Electric Company and Nantucket Electric Company d/b/a National Grid
MassachusettsNational Grid electric service territories in Massachusetts, including Massachusetts Electric and Nantucket Electric customersMassachusetts net metering under the applicable National Grid tariff2026-08-28
Consumers Energy
Consumers Energy Company
MichiganConsumers Energy electric service territory in MichiganDistributed Generation program with separate treatment of customer use and excess generation2026-08-28
DTE Electric
DTE Electric Company
MichiganDTE Electric service territory in southeastern MichiganRider 18 Distributed Generation with inflow and outflow billing2026-08-28
PSE&G
Public Service Electric & Gas
New JerseyLarge portions of New JerseyNet metering2026-08-27
NV Energy
NV Energy
NevadaNevadaNet metering with rate-specific export treatment2026-08-27
Con Edison
Consolidated Edison Company of New York
New YorkNew York City and Westchester CountyPrivate solar credits / applicable net-metering or distributed-generation tariff2026-08-27
PECO
PECO Energy Company
PennsylvaniaPECO electric service territory in southeastern PennsylvaniaNet metering credits for eligible customer-owned solar2026-08-28
PPL Electric
PPL Electric Utilities Corporation
PennsylvaniaPPL Electric service territory across central and eastern PennsylvaniaNet metering with monthly kWh banking and annual excess settlement2026-08-28
Austin Energy
Austin Energy
TexasCity of Austin and surrounding Austin Energy service territory, TexasValue of Solar production credit2026-08-27
CPS Energy
CPS Energy
TexasSan Antonio and surrounding CPS Energy service territory, TexasNet-metered billing with Net Electric Generation credits under applicable CPS Energy rates and riders2026-08-27
Dominion Energy Virginia
Dominion Energy Virginia
VirginiaMuch of VirginiaNet metering for eligible customer-owned renewable generation2026-08-27
Puget Sound Energy
Puget Sound Energy
WashingtonPuget Sound Energy electric service territory in western WashingtonNet metering2026-08-27

Why a utility-level comparison is more useful than a state label

Two homeowners in the same state can have different utilities, tariffs and solar export treatment. Even customers of the same utility can be governed by different rules because of application date, grandfathering, system size, rate plan, community-choice supply or program eligibility.

  • Traditional net metering can differ in credit rollover, annual true-up and non-bypassable charges.
  • Net billing can separate import prices from export-credit values.
  • Time-of-use rates can make the hour of import or export economically important.
  • Some utilities use avoided-cost, Value of Solar or other utility-specific compensation structures.
  • Interconnection requirements can matter even when the billing concept sounds simple.

How to use these profiles before buying solar

Start with the comparison table, open your utility profile and follow the official source links. Then verify the exact tariff that would apply to a new system at your service address. Do not let an installer savings model silently assume full-retail credit for every exported kWh unless the current tariff actually supports that assumption.

Coverage and methodology

Home Solar Atlas currently publishes selected major-utility profiles rather than pretending to have complete national tariff coverage. Each profile carries a verification date and links to official utility information. We expand the directory as we can verify homeowner-facing solar billing and interconnection sources.

Utility pages are research summaries, not legal or tariff advice. The utility's filed tariff, interconnection agreement and current program rules control.